Intertextual Relations Between Pride and Prejudice and Bridget Jones Diary Essay Example for Free

Intertextual Relations Between Pride and Prejudice and Bridget Jones Diary Essay Each text is not the effort of one person; theme and plot derived from existing texts are present in newer texts through repetition and similarity. Authors compile from pre-existing texts known as intertextuality, the use of prior texts in current texts. Julia Kristeva, a psychoanalyst is the first to introduce the term ‘intertextuality’. She redefines the theories established by Ferdinand de Saussure and Mikhail Bakhtin and suggests a text is not simply interpreted by its words, instead it is a study based on the works it has adapted (lecture). Kristeva mentions that although a writer usually talks to a specific audience, a text exists in time, and it is reprinted and translated with addressing the language of the current time period known as parole and langue. The novel Pride and Prejudice was first published in 1813, but another novel based on the same plot called Bridget Jones Diary, a modern version of Pride and Prejudice was published in 1996. Every text is the absorption and transformation of another, with similar themes and conditions considering the lifestyle in that time period, known as a mimetic orientation. Intertextuality, the relationship to other prior texts is present among Pride and Prejudice, Bridget Jones Diary, and A Dog’s Head through the overarching similarity of characters, value of class and synchronic language. The common element of character development is interacting between Pride and Prejudice, Bridget Jones Diary, and A Dog’s Head. During the 1800’s, the value of high culture and wealth was outstandingly important to the people of that decade. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is a plot consisting of high culture, and is strongly referenced in connection to Helen Fielding’s Bridget Jones Diary. Fielding’s borrows the plot from Austen and also has some of the same characters and events in her novel. The character of Elizabeth Bennett and Bridget Jones is similarly constructed with the hardships and love crisis they suffer from. First of all, both protagonists fall in love with a man whose last name is Darcy. Both Mr. Darcy are respected and wealthy men. Furthermore, both protagonists share similar feelings, for example, at the ball event Elizabeth is hurt to hear that Mr. Darcy thinks of her to be â€Å"‘tolerable but not handsome enough to tempt’† him (Austen 13). Similarly, Mr. Darcy in Pride and Prejudice hurts Bridget by saying she is ill mannered and does not know how to talk (45). At this time both the protagonists dislike both Mr. Darcy and have severe hatred for him. Secondly, Mr. Wickam in Pride and Prejudice is the same as Daniel Cleaver in Bridget Jones Diary. Both Mr. Wickam and Daniel Cleaver are despised by Mr. Darcy but admired by the heroine at first. Bridget’s mother is a bit like Mrs. Bennett, as they both insist their daughters get married to wealthy men. Bridget believes she is unattractive because she is fat. When things do not work out with Daniel Cleaver, she questions, â€Å"Why does nothing ever work out? It is because I am too fat† (Fielding 181). Bridget is unhappy about her appearance all the time, which is similar to the character of Edmond in A Dog’s Head. The novel A Dog’s Head introduces the unrealistic character of Edmond who is born with the head of a dog, a spaniel in particular. Ovid establishes the theory of metamorphosis emphasizing the transformation of a human to an animal feature in his poem â€Å"metamorphosis†. This theory is present in A Dog’s Head as Edmond is a human but has a dog’s head. Edmond is always troubled in life because people criticize him for having the head of a dog, and to add to that, â€Å"the head of the most ridiculous dog to be found (2). He has a series of unsuccessful relationships, for which he blames his appearance to be the reason, somewhat like Bridget who also blames her weight for her breakup with Daniel. Although the author does not provide a description of Bridget, we know a bit about her through the writings in her diary. Bridget’s negative image of herself results in a lower self-esteem, as well as Edmond who also has a low self-esteem when he remembers he has the head of a spaniel. At one point, losing his virginity to a prostitute becomes hard because no one wants to sleep with an animal (125). His personal relations with his parents are negative from the day he is born. His parents are happier to be alone so his dad gives him money, â€Å"Edmond stuffed the notes into his pocket, kissed his papa and mama and went away, never to return† (47). This further notifies us that although there are minor matches from Edmond’s personality with Elizabeth and Bridget, there is a similarity between the characters through physical appearance and their lives. The theme of class relates to reputation, the value of money being an ever-long requirement in society. People have been classified into hierarchical sectors according to their financial circumstances. In Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth Bennett’s mother Mrs. Bennett is astonished at the fact that Mr. Bingley is a wealthy and handsome young man visiting their town. She immediately informs her husband and desires one of her daughters marry him. Mrs. Bennett is portrayed as a shallow and self-centered woman as she constantly persists her daughters marry the richest men. This is evident when Elizabeth announces her engagement to Mr. Darcy and Mrs. Bennett replies â€Å"Mr. Darcy! Who would have thought it†¦Oh! My sweetest Lizzy! How rich and great you will be! What pin-money, what jewels, what carriages you will have! † (Austen 357). Similarly, in Bridget Jones Diary, Bridget’s mother introduces her to a recently divorced, wealthy man. Bridget is certain on her mother’s motives and she claims, â€Å"I don’t know why she didn’t just come out with it and say ‘Darling, do shag Mark Darcy over the turkey curry, won’t you? He’s very rich. † (Fielding 12). Comparatively, Edmond from A Dog’s Head lives in a shallow society, where money can overpower anything, even a man with a dog’s head. Edmond invests some money in the stock market and realizes it is more valuable than anything. â€Å"Wealth brought Edmond great enjoyment. First, it canceled out his head. [ ] Oh, the sublime effect of bank notes! Overnight that hideous or ridiculous object became just anybodys head. † (85) He makes a lot of money and realizes that money has always been there and supported him more than anything else. A hierarchy of social classes has created the boundaries between families and people historically. The importance of class depicts a social value and worth in society. Lower class people are treated as inferiors while upper class people gain more respect and value. As evident in A Dog’s Head, Edmond is treated better when he has more money and class, and Mrs. Bennett and Mrs. Jones want their daughters to be married to rich men. The language and text of Pride and Prejudice is a lot different from Bridget Jones Diary and A Dog’s Head. In order to understand â€Å"one text as an intertextual representation of another† (Salber) the individual composition of values and attitudes needs to be understood in different contexts. With this said, Pride and Prejudice is a realist text composed in the nineteenth century. What is happening in the real world at the time the author writes the text is incorporated into the text, known as mimetic orientation. The author associates a mimetic version of the reality of everyday life set in the Regency period of England, a time when â€Å"power and marriage within one’s own class was essential† (Salber). The novel Pride and Prejudice also reveals â€Å"aspects of gender, class, identity and marriage as political institution† s a presentation of English history (Art). Language as it exists at any moment of time is referred to as the synchronic system of language (lecture 4). The power of language, synchronically applied suggests that the language in Pride and Prejudice slightly differs from the 20th century language used in Bridget Jones Diary. For example, the word ‘simpleton’ used in Austen’s novel indicates the life of a simple, unmarried girl, whereas in Fielding’s novel, the word ‘singleton’ is used to categorize the career oriented women in search for a perfect male companion. This supports Kristeva’s statement that â€Å"language is read as at least double†, and that the structures of language exist within a certain time period (Salber). As mentioned earlier, Bridget Jones Diary is a modification of Pride and Prejudice and is a more modern approach to the same story. The means of communication are different; for example, Daniel Cleaver and Bridget initiate romance through computer messaging, whereas in Pride and Prejudice communication took the form of letters. The langue, a language viewed as an abstract system used by speech community, is different for every person. In Pride and Prejudice the vocabulary Austen uses is archaic and demonstrates the time period in which it was written. For example, a conversation between Elizabeth and Mrs. Gardiner,â€Å"It was first broken by Mrs. Annesley, a genteel, agreeable looking woman† (Austen 226). The word ‘genteel’ may not be used in today’s novels and speech and represents its time period. Likewise, the words ‘singleton’, ‘smug marrieds† and ‘emotional fuckwittage’ became a part of the British popular culture when used in Bridget Jones Diary. The plot of Pride and Prejudice is the same as Bridget Jones Diary since Bridget Jones Diary is a modification of Pride and Prejudice and is a more modern approach to the same story. The female protagonists both worry about the relationships in their lives. The plot begins with the life of the female protagonists, and continues to their developing lives as the plot moves on. Both Pride and Prejudice and Bridget Jones Diary are the same story, where the first event, the ball in Pride and Prejudice is held with the attempt to find a suitor for Mr.  Bingley who is a young and wealthy man, and similarly a Christmas party is held by Bridget’s mother to introduce Bridget to Mr. Darcy. The events that occur further on in the texts lead to the same conclusion in both novels. The value of class and reputation is an overarching theme similarly applied in the three novels proving money has the value to make anyone happy. Lastly, the use of language and difference in word choice is what makes the novels acceptable in their time periods. These intertextual relations combine the three novels with many similarities.

Palace of Industry in Paris France Essay -- Architecture History

missing images Paris 1855: The Universal Exposition Interior and Exterior of the Palace of Industry These selected images, an exterior view of the Palace of Industry and a view of the interior of the palace during the distribution of awards, are both detailed views from which much can be observed. Since both images are illustrations, as opposed to photographs, they may not be entirely accurate. The image of the interior is a lithograph, which is approximately thirty-five inches by fifteen inches. Because of the medium employed, the details of the image are not very sharp, but many details are included. Emperor Napoleon III can be seen handing out the awards, and his empress is seen seated behind him. The other image appears to have been taken from a French newspaper article. Today, the actual paper is very old, as can be evidenced by the large tear in the middle of the picture and its worn edges. The actual size of the illustration is about fifteen inches long and eight inches wide. Most significant about the Palace of Industry are its historical precedents, the evolution of its de sign, its successes and failures, and finally its role at the fair. After London hosted the first international exposition in 1851, Napoleon III realized that France needed to seize back the initiative. The motive given for the 1855 Paris exposition was to celebrate forty years of peace in Europe since Waterloo (Findling, pp. 16-17). A hidden agenda, however, was the competition among the major European nations, to establish their industrial and artistic supremacy. Napoleon III decided that France needed a spectacular structure "based on the plan of the Crystal Palace of London" (Lavedan, p. 228). Therefore, in 1852, France held a competition fo... ...e success of the Palace of Industry, it did nothing to promote the careers of either Viel or Barrault. Regardless, the Palace of Industry was an influential step in the integration of this revolutionary material, iron, with traditional architecture. Bibliography Findling, John E. Historical Dictionary of World's Fairs and Expositions 1851-1988. New York City: Greenwood Press, 1990. Lavedan, Pierre. French Architecture. London: Scholar Press, 1956. Mignot, Claude. Architecture of the Nineteenth Century in Europe. New YorkCity: Rizzoli International Publications Inc.,1984. Hautecoeur, Louis. Histoire de l'architecture classique en France. v. 7. Paris: Rue Bonaparte, 1943. Steiner, Frances H. French Iron Architecture. Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Research Press, 1984. Tachà ©, J. C. Canada at the Universal Exhibition of 1855. Toronto: Yonge Street, 1856.

Kingfisher Beer Company Case Analysis Essay

Kingfisher Beer Company (KBC) has enjoyed being in top position in premium beer segment for the past fifty years and is now facing a potentially identity–changing challenge: the traditional premium beer market has been declining due to changes in consumer preferences at a compound annual rate of 4% and KBC for the first time is experiencing a decline in revenue, whilst a change in leadership infuses new energy to bring a change in their product line. Jake Hope, son of the retired president and owner of KBC faces the challenge of whether to introduce a ‘light’ beer in a growing beer segment, as maintaining status-quo would no more be an option to sustain their existing position in marketplace in the next few years (see Exhibit 2). I recommend that Jake would go for the light beer product venture. The recommendation is based on a complex assessment of the company’s financial viability and of more qualitative reflections. Even if for the year 2007 (the case is restrictive for only a 2-year horizon quantitative analysis) projected Operating Margin does not reach levels KBC had enjoyed in prior years, it is positive and growing substantially. Growth from $599,734 to $2,205,235 ($1,605,601 in absolute growth) from 2006 to 2007 with introduction of Light Beer versus of decline from $4,015,024 to $3,414,586 ($600,438 in absolute decline). If KBC will manage to reduce its lost sales of famous Lager (due to market conditions in the premium beer market) from 20% to slightly lower levels then the company could break-even in 2 years (Exhibit 1). From the case’s limited data it is still certain that introducing Light Beer and managing relatively moderate levels of cannibalization (20% or below – Exhibit 3) of the Lager sales opens opportunities to increase the firm’s financials. Moreover, it is essential to capitalize on growing light beer market (4% annually) which also will help fuel possible future expansion or to retain sustainability. According to market research, targeted segment where light beer drinking segment holds â€Å"anti-big-business† values, is already aware of the KBC brand so the firm can leverage on being independent family owned small regional company. In addition, the introduction of a new product will eliminate the risk of being on a single product brand and reduce risk of being in an unfavorable position with regards to distributors who favor more product offerings. On the other hand the introduction of the light beer will affect the brand image, alienate core customers, and squeeze margins. In addition, it is most likely the Company will not be able to sustain advertising and distribution cost against bigger competitors (high entry barrier, competitors strong presence in light beer market). This will lead also to additional unwanted cannibalization of Lager sales and more uneven relationships with distributors and retailers. My recommendation rests on several assumptions (exhibit). The key assumption is that the KBC will attain the 0. 25 market share to break even in 2007. Another assumption is that the light beer market will sustain its growth and consumer preferences will hold in the nearest future.

How to Define Acceleration

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity as a function of time. It is a vector, meaning that it has both magnitude and direction. It is measured in meters per second squared or meters per second (the objects speed or velocity) per second. In calculus terms, acceleration is the second derivative of position concerning time or, alternately, the first derivative of the velocity concerning time. Acceleration—Change in Speed The everyday experience of acceleration is in a vehicle. You step on the accelerator, and the car speeds up as increasing force is applied to the drive train by the engine. But deceleration is also acceleration - the velocity is changing. If you take your foot off the accelerator, the force decreases and velocity is reduced over time. Acceleration, as heard in ads, follows the rule of the change of speed (miles per hour) over time, such as from zero to 60 miles per hour in seven seconds. Units of Acceleration The SI units for acceleration are m / s2(meters per second squared or  meters per second per second). The gal or galileo (Gal) is a unit of acceleration used in gravimetry but is not an SI unit. It is defined as 1 centimeter per second squared. 1 cm/s2 English units for acceleration are feet per second per second,  ft/s2 The standard acceleration due to gravity, or standard gravity  g0 is the gravitational acceleration of an object in a vacuum near the surface of the earth. It combines the effects of gravity and centrifugal acceleration from the rotation of the Earth. Converting Acceleration Units Value m/s2 1 Gal, or cm/s2 0.01 1 ft/s2 0.304800 1 g0 9.80665 Newtons Second Law—Calculating Acceleration The classical mechanics equation for acceleration comes from Newtons Second Law: The sum of the forces (F) on an object of constant mass (m) is equal to mass m multiplied by the objects acceleration (a). F am Therefore, this can be rearranged to define acceleration as: a F/m The result of this equation is that if no forces are acting on an object (F   0), it will not accelerate. Its speed will remain constant. If mass  is added to the object, the acceleration will be lower. If  mass  is removed from the object, its acceleration will be higher. Newtons Second Law is one of the three laws of motion Isaac Newton published in 1687 in  Philosophià ¦ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy).   Acceleration and Relativity While Newtons laws of motion apply at speeds we encounter in daily life, once objects are traveling near the speed of light, the rules change. Thats when Einsteins special theory of relativity is more accurate. The special theory of relativity says it takes more force to result in acceleration as an object approaches the speed of light. Eventually, acceleration becomes vanishingly small and the object never quite achieves the speed of light. Under the theory of general relativity, the principle of equivalence says that gravity and acceleration have identical effects. You dont know whether or not you are accelerating unless you can observe without any forces on you, including gravity.

Respect for parents - 2095 Words

Respect of Parents Name: Shahira. M Subject: World. Religion Teacher: Sis. Husna Grade: 11 All religions and all societies have given parents an honorable status. From a purely material viewpoint, we find ourselves indebted to our parents. They are the ones who teach us from how to stand on our tiny toes, to the ones who wipe our tears at night. No religion can bring the status down for our parents; especially for our mothers. Islam particularly has given parents the highest of status. Islam respects our mothers so much, that it has brought down Jannah from the sky, all the way down to mothers feet. Jannah now lies under the feet of mothers. Islam has respect for parents that no other religion has. Now the main question is,†¦show more content†¦The pain a mothers goes through at the time of birth, no one can imagine it. And she bears it for the love of her child. She holds her child in her stomach for nine months. Nine months she never complains, and if you ask her, she’d do it again in a heartbeat. Why? Because she loves her child. Because she w ould give up everything in the world to make her child smile and keep him/her happy. That is the love of a mother. No other love can ever compare to it. Ever. A story that always comes to mind is about a boy who writes a letter to his mom. He writes: Mom, I cleaned my room today, $10. I took the garbage out, $5. I shoveled the snow, $15. I did the dishes, $20. And so on went the list, and the end, the total was whatever total. The mother then took the same piece of paper, flipped it over, and wrote: I carried you in my womb for nine months, buried all the pain, free of charge. When I gave birth to you, I felt so much unbearable pain. Such terrible pain, that I was screaming, free of charge. When you were a baby, I used to feed you first, before feeding anyone else, even before feeding myself, free of charge. When you used to get sick, I would nourish you; stand the whole night with you, crying to Allah (SWT) making dua to give you shifa, free of charge. And the end she says total = LOVE. Another story that is famous and real happened in Germany. A father sat on a bench with his son. The son was reading a newspaper and theShow MoreRelatedHow to Respect Your Parents909 Words   |  4 PagesHow to respect your parents? There are many days set aside in non-Islamic societies to honour and appreciate special people; examples of these are Father s Day, Mother s Day, Memorial Day and Labour Day. In Islam, however, respecting, honouring and appreciating parents is not just for a single day of the year, but rather for each and every day.   Parents in the Quran: A Muslim child should respect and appreciate his or her parents on a daily basis. Allaah mentions that human beings must recogniseRead MoreEssay about Teaching Children Respect1716 Words   |  7 PagesTeaching Children Respect Americans has placed too much responsibility on schools and teachers. Parents need to take command of the moral development of their children, starting with the issue of respect. Respect starts at an early age. You teach a child to say thank you, no thank you, and please. These are normal and common first steps to respect and are considered being manner able. Most parents expect there children to use these courteous phrases to them, their selves, the parent. TeachersRead MoreEssay on To Kill a Mockingbird: A Lesson on Parenting 618 Words   |  3 Pagestowards their parents. When parents ask their children to do something, this is a common response. It is a usual response from children who think they have a right to challenge their parents’ authority. Children in the 1930s generally acted very differently towards their parents. 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Unfortunately, if this involvement is not present within a child’s life, itRead MoreMy Core Values Essay940 Words   |  4 PagesThey mostly come from the way I was raised and taught by my parents. The main and most important people in my life either protect my core values or distract me from them. The values that define who I am are honesty from the people I associate with and my family, autonomy because Ive always seen myself as an independent person, Success that is my motivation in life, and self respect because if I want others to respect me, I have to respect myself. Honesty is my number one value and something I putRead MoreTax Research Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Problem 6-59 Parent Corporation owns 85% of the common stock and 100% of the preferred stock of Subsidiary Corporation. The common stock and preferred stock have adjusted bases of $500,000 and $200,000, respectively, to Parent. 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Nurses involved in research studies with these vulnerable populations have certain implications to them. Neonates: A Vulnerable Population for Research There are many populations that are vulnerable in a research study including: pregnant women, fetuses, neonates, children, elderly, prisoners, veterans, racial minorities, mentally or physically handicapped, and educationally or economically disadvantaged. Respect, beneficence, and justice

Booker T Washingtons View Of Education Essay - 706 Words

Racial discrimination hindering their lives, bound by chains of white supremacy. African American prominent influential leaders Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois sought to make a movement during the Gilded Age, fighting for the amelioration of African Americans place in society. Notably, their surrounding atmosphere influenced their political views on the rights for African Americans. Booker T. Washington believed African Americans should accept their unequal positions in society having the belief that they would gain acceptance and respect if they worked hard enough and obtained financial independence and cultural advancement. On the other hand, W.E.B Du Bois insisted that African Americans should have full civil rights. Conclusively†¦show more content†¦His voice never faltered to speak out against the unequal rights of African Americans, this in result lead him to build a platform for himself, speaking out from the NAACP. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as a biracial organization to advance justice for African Americans by W. E. B. Du Bois. From birth rates and death rates among slaved community, ignorance and racism was clearly evident. Du Bois opposed Washington’s philosophy of economic rights being higher than political rights and voting rights. Washington and Du Bois grew up in different atmospheres that influenced their political views. During the gilded age the north and south had been impacted differently right after the civil war, this in result caused different atmospheres to grow around them. While booker t washington grew as a slave his limitations to education where very slim and he was self educated his views on education and working your way up to it impacted him internally where he started to believe that every african american could make it to where he did with education. While Du Bois grew up in the north educated by Harvard University earning a phd and successfully educated by smart scholars hand once he saw the reality of what his skin color made his voice grew to height of inciting full rights to african americans. Using the facts and the percentage he knew about racism inShow MoreRelatedCritical Evaluation Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesOneil 22 July 2012 CRITICAL EVALUATION ESSAY Introduction In W.E.B. Du Bois’ â€Å"Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others,† Du Bois criticized Washington’s policy of racial accommodation and gradualism. Du Bois rejected the latter’s willingness to avoid messing with the racial issues and pushed for his views on political power, the continuance of the civil rights fight, and higher education for all the Negro youth. Washington emphasized that education should be attained in order to get real jobsRead MoreW.E.B Dubois Thoughts on Education Essay762 Words   |  4 PagesW. E. B DuBoiss thoughts on education The Souls of Black Folk, written by W.E.B DuBois is a collection of autobiographical and historical essays containing many themes. DuBois introduced the notion of twoness, a divided awareness of ones identity. One ever feels his two-ness Ââ€" an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled stirrings: two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keep it from being torn asunder (215). There are many underlying themesRead More W.E.B. DuBoiss Thoughts on Education Essay740 Words   |  3 PagesW.E.B. DuBois’s Thoughts on Education The Souls of Black Folk, written by W.E.B DuBois is a collection of autobiographical and historical essays containing many themes. DuBois introduced the notion of â€Å"twoness†, a divided awareness of one’s identity. â€Å"One ever feels his two-ness – an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled stirrings: two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keep it from being torn asunder† (215). There are many underlying themesRead MoreThe Negro And Signs Of Civilization1188 Words   |  5 Pagescentury ultimately lead to the Civil Rights movement and the end of racial segregation. The Civil Rights movement dealt with problems of inequality and disenfranchisement of African Americans that began in the post-civil war era. W.E.B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington are considered by historians, two of the prominent leaders of the black community in the late 19th and early 20th century who sought inclusion and equality thr ough social and economic progress. While their end goals were the same, theRead MoreBooker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Dubois Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it all comes down to it, one of the greatest intellectual battles U.S. history was the legendary disagreement between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois. This intellectual debate sparked the interest of the Northerners as well as the racist whites that occupied the south. This debate was simply about how the blacks, who just gained freedom from slavery, should exist in America with the white majority. Even though Washington and DuBois stood on opposite sides of the fence they both agreedRead MoreBooker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Dubois Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it all comes down to it, one of the greatest intellectual battles U.S. history was the legendary disagreement between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois. This intellectual debate sparked the interest of the Northerners as well as the racist whites that occupied the south. This debate was simply about how the blacks, who just gained freedom from slavery, should exist in America with the white majority. Even though Washington and DuBois stood on opposite sides of the fence they both agreedRead MoreEssay on Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBoise1610 Words   |  7 PagesBooker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBoise Booker T. Washington believed that blacks should not push to attain equal civil and political rights with whites. That it was best to concentrate on improving their economic skills and the quality of their character. The burden of improvement resting squarely on the shoulders of the black man. Eventually they would earn the respect and love of the white man, and civil and political rights would be accrued as a matter of course. This was a very non-threateningRead MoreThe Truth Is Often A Great Lie1829 Words   |  8 Pagesnovel, the police call upon Booker T. 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Leadership for Transformational and Transactional- MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theLeadership for Transformational and Transactional. Answer: Introduction: The different leaders have different ways to work, perform, guide and accomplish the assigned targets, there styles vary and so do their plans and strategies at times. They have various motivational and inspiring lessons, which help them to go on and on. It may be possible that at some time a strategy may work while at another time that strategy may not work at all on the same project, thus this is the leader who has to foresee the best possible plan to implement so as to come up to the expectations of the organisation and come out with bright colours (Dion, 2012). Refer my personal leadership personality; I am a kind of leader who always takes the team forward in order to achieve what has been aimed. I always sit along with the team, ask about their views and suggestions, their suggestions may not be that matured but at times these small suggestions help us achieve even bigger. I always aspire that all the staff or team members to participate irrespectively of their age, gender, experience and tenure in the organisation. Both mature and new staff are an assert for any organisation, a place where people move together is sure to get the expected. Appreciation at times to all those who have outperformed is yet another thing never miss, this further encourages the staff to work even harder, small certification can really set their confidence at sky high levels. Few words of appreciation give confidence in the mind of the worker and bring about the total outcome from that particular staff; it also is a challenge for the other staff members to get the same kind of applause in future. (Dartey-Baah, 2015). Leadership Theory I have learned from my experiences that all weak staff members should be handled with care and comprehensive due diligence, it is just the lack of confidence which is restricting them to outperform if they are also handled properly and trained and encouraged at regular intervals they too can do wonders (Friedman, 2004). They too have got the fire inside them, but the only thing which is required is to ignite it at the right time. In order to help them perform the way performers do, it is needed to pair them with these outperformers who shall guide them carefully and also the practical knowledge which they shall learn from them will carry those miles ahead. When they shall see closely how the seniors are doing a particular task, they shall also try to perform in a similar manner and this shall be the turning point for them. No one is a dump, the only thing required is to understand the spheres where these staff members are weak, and what exactly is to be done so as to battle out these spheres and win (Dartey-Baah, 2015). Sometimes it is also noticed that due to laziness and carelessness, some bigger wins turns into failures, here the need of right move at right time is to be illustrated to the staff and the results shall be totally different and positive. Proper training and at regular intervals is also very vital to get in touch with the latest technological changes, sometimes orthodox nature keeps us behind and the gaps becomes larger and larger and we miss out from the market competition (Cook, 2013). Thus knowledge is power and its enhancement at regular times is very significant. Each learned staff shall perform much more than even organisation may dream of. The staff should be up-to-date and the leaders are meant to ensure that such knowledge is properly acquired by each and every worker under him. Leaders must have never to give up attitude and work till the aim is achieved, He is required to lead from the front and show the path to the team to follow and work. Motivation to work continuously and that too till you reach the destiny is what the leader should aspire the members (Cook, 2013). Leaders have a firm determination and clear focus to reach the highest of heights. Leaders do not care for day or night; they work, guide, p erform and deliver, they work restlessly without any sense of fatigue, they sometimes get disappointed but they learn from their mistakes and improve them and makes sure that some mistake does not repeat (Junker and van Dick, 2014) It is well said that everyone makes mistakes but only fools repeat them. I have experienced that nothing is impossible, but firm determination and right path to move so as to achieve that mission is much needed. As a leader, it does not matter much what you lose but the thing which matters the most is that at least you tried hard and never lost hope. Strong leaders are those who learn and educate their team. A transactional leader is the one who is very particular about the values structure and order. These are expected and more likely to lead the military comprehensive operations, manage big corporations, or command the international projects which need rules and regulations for complete aims on time or guide people and supplies in such a manner which is very organized (Bryant, 2003). The transactional leaders are not to be placed or in other words, they are not perfect for such places where at the innovative and creativity ideas are valued. The transactional leadership are most likely and often compared to the transformational leadership (Solansky, 2010). There is a difference in both as the transactional leadership relies on the self-motivated humans who themselves work well in a directed and structured environment; whereas the transformational leadership requires motivation to inspire workers, in spite of direct others (Solansky, 2010). Being a successful transactional leader requires improvement is so many areas, some of the important areas which I believe to be vital as illustrated below point by point Understand which rewards boosts up the team staff The success of a transactional leader depends upon the hard work which is done by the staff members, the valuing of prizes or the rewards which are in place is significant, as a leader one should be totally clear in respect to the fact that which are the actions that you must perform so that it may boost up the individuals working under you (Solansky, 2010). There might be some situation where in this shall come to you that some strategies work for an aperson whereas these under similar conditions do not work for other team members, thus this choice of inputting the right thing at the particularly correct place is an important task to keep in mind and thus implement. Staff members required to understand the system of reward and also how they can win the To win a reward requires first and for most manner and requirement to be fulfilled to win it and clear descriptions knowledge how to move and in which direction. Sometimes it is noticed that the hard workers even after so much of continuous and honest labour do not achieve the victory, and the reason for this is that they have been working aimlessly without complete knowledge of the task and best manner to perform it (Mahajan, 2011). Thus being a traditional leader this shall be the duty of the leader to show the correct path to the team members and then ask them to start, there shall be no doubt at all, and then the reward can be easily won. Ensure that punishment and reward systems are properly in place and these are also continuously used Being a traditional leader, one should not at all be bias, the leader is to be completely transparent and work upon the law of equality for everyone. He should be punishing all members in case some wrong doing is noticed irrespectively of having any kind of partiality in mind for anyone, similarly all members who do good to be appropriately rewarded with any kind of bias in the decision. Deliver and illustrate timely feedback all the way of the work process.Staff should always be kept aware of their performance at regular times, and this is an important task which being a traditional leader one has to perform (Solansky, 2010). They should be told about any delay in performing the task and in case they are late in completing any task refer the timelines, They should also be reminded of the fact that they shall not at all receive any kinds of monetary or career growth if in case the delay continues. Being a traditional leader, this discussion should be regularly done and further delay if any be notified again to the concerned. Make sure that the recognition and rewards are provided quickly after a good performance. Being a traditional leader, this is very important that the staffs gets rewarded appropriately and that too well in time, there should be nil delay in this matter as the staff requires and expects recognitions soon to carry on with the same zeal and enthusiasm again (Antonakis and House, 2014). In case there is a delay in such things, the company may lose out with similar kinds of results in the next go. Thus a traditional leader should well ensure that such delay does not occur as it may hamper the future growth and also lose significant opportunities. Conclusion Being a leader requires so many qualities and responsibilities, these responsibilities are to be performed without any miss or delay, Someone has rightly said that Leaders are made and not born with automatic skills in them, the one who understands this develops skills and continuously works to further sharpen them, whereas the losers just sit on the orthodox beliefs and fail at the end. Leaders bring all their learning in front of their staff and make them understand the pros and cons of all activities which are performed by them. Leaders support all staff irrespective of any partial liking of a particular staff, they work and lead from the front at all complex situations so that their juniors learn from it and give out the best outcome. Leaders have a commitment to their work and their focus is clear referring its completion in the stipulated time. They do not let their teams morale drop down and educate them in all spheres to work even harder. Leaders do not differentiate between the genders of the workers; they treat each and every member of the team in a similar manner and take charge of all the hard situations. Refrences Antonakis, J. and House, R. (2014). Instrumental leadership: Measurement and extension of transformationaltransactional leadership theory.The Leadership Quarterly, 25(4), pp.746-771. Bryant, S. (2003). The Role of Transformational and Transactional Leadership in Creating, Sharing and Exploiting Organizational Knowledge.Journal of Leadership amp; Organizational Studies, 9(4), pp.32-44. Cook, S. (2013). Your Leadership Banner Personalizes Leadership Theories.Women in Higher Education, 22(11), pp.23-23. Dartey-Baah, K. (2015). Resilient leadership: a transformational-transactional leadership mix.Journal of Global Responsibility, 6(1), pp.99-112. Dion, M. (2012). Are ethical theories relevant for ethical leadership?.Leadership Organization Development Journal, 33(1), pp.4-24. FRIEDMAN, A. (2004). Beyond mediocrity: transformational leadership within a transactional framework.International Journal of Leadership in Education, 7(3), pp.203-224. Hazarika, A. (2009). Building the pipeline: Leadership succession is a key challenge.Leadership in Action, 29(4), pp.8-12. Junker, N. and van Dick, R. (2014). Implicit theories in organizational settings: A systematic review and research agenda of implicit leadership and followership theories.The Leadership Quarterly, 25(6), pp.1154-1173. Mahajan, S. (2011). Study on Leadership Styles and Theories.Indian Journal of Applied Research, 4(3), pp.281-282. Solansky, S. (2010). The evaluation of two key leadership development program components: Leadership skills assessment and leadership mentoring.The Leadership Quarterly, 21(4), pp.675-681.